How Body Language Affects Communication

Communication Corner: A column dedicated to improving communication skills

By Richard Spaglio

May 2026

When most people think about communication, they think about words. What we say. How we say it. The exact phrasing of a message. But the reality is, words are only part of the story. In many cases, they are not even the most important part.

A significant portion of communication is nonverbal. In fact, more than half of what we communicate comes through body language, with tone of voice carrying much of the rest. The actual words we choose often make up only a small part of how a message is received. That can be surprising for people who believe communication is entirely about what is said.

Think about a simple example. Someone says, “I’m fine.” If their arms are folded, their eyes are looking away, and their tone is flat, you likely do not believe them. The words say one thing, but the body says something very different. And in most cases, we trust the body.

Body language includes facial expressions, posture, gestures, eye contact, and even small habits like checking your phone or watch. These nonverbal signals shape how messages are received, interpreted, and remembered.

Some nonverbal behaviors can unintentionally send negative signals. Folding your arms, for example, is often seen as being closed off or defensive. Looking away while someone is speaking can suggest disinterest. Eye rolling clearly communicates frustration or disrespect. Even something as subtle as checking your phone during a conversation can make the other person feel like they are not important. The challenge is that many of these behaviors are habits. People may not even realize they are doing them. 

On the other hand, positive body language can strengthen communication and build trust. Simple actions can make a meaningful difference. Maintaining eye contact shows that you are engaged and present. Nodding your head signals that you are listening and following along. Smiling can create warmth and openness, making conversations feel more comfortable.

Posture also plays an important role. Leaning slightly forward can show interest. Facing someone directly signals that you are focused on them. Keeping your arms relaxed and open suggests that you are approachable and receptive.

One of the most important aspects of body language is consistency. When your nonverbal signals match your words, your message feels authentic. When they do not, people tend to believe the nonverbal cues over the verbal ones. This is why someone can say all the right things and still come across as insincere.

Over time, body language plays a major role in shaping relationships. Positive nonverbal behaviors build trust and connection. Negative ones, even small ones, can create distance or tension. In workplaces, families, and friendships, these patterns matter more than we often realize.

The good news is that body language is something we can improve. It starts with awareness. Notice your own habits. Do you cross your arms when you feel uncomfortable? Do you avoid eye contact when you are unsure? Do you check your phone or watch while others are speaking?

Making small, intentional changes can help us become better communicators. Put your phone away. Stay present. Make eye contact. Nod when someone is speaking. Let your posture reflect openness rather than defensiveness. Communication is more than words. When we become intentional with our body language, we don’t just communicate more effectively, we build stronger, more meaningful connections with others.